Have you heard of SB 1383? If you haven't, you probably will soon because the regulations just took effect on January 1, 2022. I learned about this law through my involvement in community composting and collaboration with the City of Rancho Cucamonga Environmental Programs. Six months ago, I couldn't even have told you that SB stands for Senate Bill. The information I share here comes from CalRecycle website. It contains a wealth of resources on the regulations, waste collection and recycling, food recovery, education and outreach, and more.
What is SB 1383 all about? This groundbreaking legislation is a state-wide effort to reduce short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs). SLCPs such as methane, black carbon, tropospheric (ground level) ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons remain in the atmosphere for a shorter time than carbon dioxide but have a much stronger warming effect. Therefore, reducing SLCPs has the potential to significantly slow global climate change in the near term. For more details, see the California Air Resources Board website.
In addition to organic waste reduction, SB 1383 requires a 20 percent increase in edible food recovery to reduce food insecurity, a problem that has worsened during the pandemic. About one in five Californians are food insecure. In 2018, CalRecycle conducted a waste characterization study that showed more than six million tons of food end up in landfills every year. By diverting edible food from landfills, food recovery organizations such as food banks, food pantries, and soup kitchens can provide food to people in need.
One of the jurisdiction responsibilities specified by SB 1383 is to provide organics collection services to all residents and businesses. In this context, a jurisdiction may be a city, county, city and county, or special district that collects solid waste. Jurisdictions can choose a collection option that works best for their community; so you may see some changes to your current system.
Waste collection services may utilize one, two, three, or more color-coded containers. For example, a three-container, source-separated collection service uses a blue container for recyclables such as paper, plastic, and glass; a green container for compostables such as food and garden waste; and a black container for the remaining landfill waste. One and two-container services mix waste, which is later sorted by a facility that recovers at least 75 percent of the organics. Jurisdictions are also required to educate residents and businesses about collection requirements and how to sort materials into the correct container.
As a Master Gardener and environmental educator, I've been thinking about how SB 1383 will impact school and community gardens, and I believe most of the effects will be positive. The law presents a great opportunity to start composting organic waste in gardens and educating students and community members about the environmental benefits. Businesses such as grocery stores and restaurants may be more likely to donate organics for composting because they can no longer throw them in the dumpster. Free compost may be more readily available because each jurisdiction is required to procure a certain amount of compost for use in the community. The infrastructure developed for edible food recovery should make it easier for gardens to share excess produce. I look forward to seeing how school and community gardens contribute to future composting, recycling, and recovery efforts.
Do you want to learn more about SB 1383? The UCCE Master Gardeners of San Bernardino is offering two opportunities. The first is a brief overview presentation during the School and Community Gardening Collaborative Workshop on Saturday, January 29th, starting at 9 am. The workshop will be presented live on Zoom, and the presentation videos will be uploaded to the UCCE San Bernardino YouTube channel. The second opportunity is a longer Zoom class on February 11th at 3 pm. You can register for the workshop and the class on the UCCE Master Gardeners of San Bernardino website under Classes & Events.
- Author: Stephanie Larson
Good Fire Alliance
Firewise Landscaping
Recovery & Resiliency
- Author: Mimi M Enright
Recently, the head of a local food pantry shared with me how grateful they were to receive a donation of several hundred pounds of fresh tomatoes from a local farmer; the tomatoes were snapped up by food pantry clients within an hour. However, he was also shown a picture of hundreds of pounds of tomatoes that had not been captured in time for donation; instead the tomatoes were sitting in a compost pile at the farm. In this case, at least the farmer was composting the wasted tomatoes, but this story demonstrates that significant opportunities exist here in Sonoma County to improve the rate of recovered food that would otherwise end up in compost piles, or worse, in our landfill.
Food Recovery Forum |
Like many other counties, Sonoma County struggles with the dichotomy of people going hungry -- 82,000 missed meals per year as estimated by Redwood Empire Food Bank -- while over 45,000 tons of food ends up in our landfill (per the 2014 Sonoma County Waste Characterization study). In recognition of this issue nationwide, the USDA and EPA recently established the nation's first food waste reduction goals – a target of 50% reduction by 2030.
Nearly 40% of food goes uneaten in the U.S. today (National Inst. Of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, 2009). Consumers most likely represent the largest portion of food waste, with food service (hospitality in specific such as weddings and conferences) coming close behind, followed by farms and retail (supermarkets) (Dana Gunders, NRDC, 2015). Food waste comprises one of the single largest components of U.S. solid waste contributing to methane emissions.
Food scraps in our local landfill accounted for 30% of the total waste in 2010; the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for organic materials ending up in the landfill equate to 4% of the total Sonoma countywide GHG emissions (Climate Action 2020 report, July 2016). According to the Sonoma County Climate Action report, “increasing population and employment means more solid waste and associated GHG emissions in the future without further action. Strategies to reduce waste generation, increase waste diversion from landfills (such as through recycling and composting)…are therefore essential parts of CA2020.”
This data points out the local (and nationwide issue) of food waste and associated GHG emissions, but it doesn't reflect all of the resources that go into growing our food (chemicals, energy, land, water, labor, etc.) that are also wasted when food ends up in our landfills. About 10% of the U.S. energy budgetgoes to producing, distributing, processing, preparing & preserving the plants & animals we consume (Michael Webber, Scientific American, 2011). “Even the most sustainably farmed food does us no good if the food is never eaten” (Gunders, 2012).
Creative solutions in Sonoma County are already helping address the food waste issue, such as CropMobster, developed by Nick Pappadapolous, which provides a free on-line platform for connecting surplus from suppliers in our local food chain. Several gleaning organizations are operating in Sonoma County – working both with homeowners & farmers to harvest produce that would go to waste & connecting that food with people in need via food pantries & non-profits. Food recovery is occurring through faith-based organizations, food pantries, non-profits, and Redwood Empire Food Bank, but there is no overall coordinated effort to provide solutions to facilitate food waste reduction across the County.
Our current food recovery model is predominantly based on non-profits which run with volunteers; non-profit food recovery efforts are under resourced. We need to build to a collaborative approach in support of the non-profits operating in this space. We also need to educate food businesses about the myth of liability issues when they are donating food.
We need to set food recovery as a priority – especially in regards to getting food to people in need. Farmers have excess produce to share; caterers have prepared food left over after large events; gleaners are looking at the key question of “where does the food go”; and all represent an opportunity to keep food out of the landfill to feed hungry people or animals.
In June 2016, UCCE Sonoma hosted a Food Recovery Forum in partnership with Redwood Empire Food Bank, CropMobster and Shed. This event gathered a group of dedicated people dedicated to discuss current obstacles and possible solutions to this problem in Sonoma County. A small group of individuals has been continuing the dialog to develop some of the ideas generated at the Food Recovery Forum into solutions for Sonoma County. Some of the solutions that the “Food Recovery Coalition” is working on for presentation to the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors include:
- Map community resources: Create a County “landing portal” with directory & maps to resources in the food supply chain (specialty crops food producers, gleaners, grocery stores, restaurants, caterers, food pantries, pig farmers, compost facilities, etc.).
- Awareness campaign: Create a social & print media campaign to generate awareness of this issue (targeted at both consumer and business waste reduction).
- Mini-neighborhood hubs: Connect neighborhood resources such as community gardens, community kitchens, gleaners, food pantry, local chefs and farmers, business and schools, composting facilities to build smaller scale community connections for getting food that would go to waste to hungry people, animals or composting facilities.
- Expand gleaners' connections: Create a central resource of guidelines to support occasional gleaning by individuals/organizations.
- Pair farmers' markets with local non-profits: Pair each farmers' market with a local non-profit food redistribution organization.
- Cold storage network: Create a cold storage network for food recovery organizations for collection and preservation while it is waiting to be picked up by food distribution organizations.
- Liability education: Create a liability education campaign via the environmental health department to ensure that business understand the limited risks associated with food donation. Ensure there are no roadblocks for food donation in Sonoma County via a regulatory review.
- Infrastructure investment: Invest in food recovery infrastructure and capacity (as compared for example to composting and waste management infrastructure).
- Business incentives: Incentivize businesses to encourage more donations by creating a more robust food recovery system.
- Regional food recovery coordinators: Establish food recovery coordinators in each region of the County to build relationships and make connections for food recovery from farmers, grocery stores, restaurants, etc.
UCCE Sonoma recommends a countywide initiative to
create awareness of and generate solutions for
addressing the issue of food waste.
Food waste prevention can save natural resources, create jobs, alleviate hunger, conserve water, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (ReFED report, 2016). A focus on initiatives aimed at reducing food waste in Sonoma County would also positively impact two of the Sonoma County climate action goals by increasing solid waste diversion and reducing emissions from the consumption of good and services, including food.
A countywide food recovery effort will help us reduce:
- GHG emissions associated with food waste in our landfill
- the state of hunger in Sonoma County
- the waste of the natural & human resources associated with
growing & distributing our food.
If you are interested in learning more or getting involved
please contact Mimi Enright menright@ucanr.edu 707-565-2880
- Author: Julia Van Soelen Kim
- Author: Mimi M Enright
On June 4, UC Cooperative Extension Sonoma County co-hosted gleaners and food rescuers from across California for the fourth annual Community Jam – a first for the event to be held in Sonoma County. Lively conversation filled the space at SoCo Nexus, Sonoma Mountain Village, in Rohnert Park as participants shared practices and vision for recovering fresh produce and other wholesome food.
Plenary sessions and the day's orchestration were facilitated by Julia Van Soelen Kim, UCCE North Bay Food Systems Advisor, and Mimi Enright, UCCE Program Manager for Community Food Systems and Master Gardeners partnered on the event, focusing on opportunities for synergy with local food recovery efforts. Other co-hosts included Farm to Pantry, Petaluma Bounty, Sonoma Food Runners, and the Sonoma Valley Gleaning Project.
Gleaning: gather (leftover grain or other produce) after a harvest.
Craig Diserens, founder of the Northern California Community Jam, reviewed the reasons why we glean. Estimates point to 58 billion pounds of unused produce in the United States each year, while one in seven Americans experience food insecurity. “Food recovery, food waste and food rescue are all hot topic's today,” he pointed out, and gleaning leaders have a “secret sauce” of attributes to carry the needed work forward. Considering today's participants, he identified “starting with abundance thinking” as crucial.
Diserens also pointed out a need to clarify the terms we use to speak of our work. “Food recovery” is the most general, “gleaning” refers to harvesting things that grow in or out of the ground, and “food rescue” indicates edibles that have already been harvested, processed or prepared. All reduce food waste by connecting surplus with those in need in our communities.
An afternoon panel of gleaning and food rescue leaders told stories of their work. Ally Gialketsis, Ventura County Branch Coordinator for Food Forward, spoke of the limits transportation imposes on what can be recovered from the wholesale Los Angeles Produce Market.
Julia Sanders, volunteer with San Francisco Food Runners, recounted how efforts in rescuing prepared food function at “the urgent level” and are best served by keeping communication simple in the dedication to a core mission. She also identified the need for food rescue and gleaning groups to strengthen cooperation.
Emily Wilson, an Americorps VIP fellow with GleanSLO, a program of the Food Bank Coalition of San Luis Obispo County, represented an organization that gleans both farms and backyards, recovering about 200,000 pounds of produce per year. She posited the need to reflect critically on our work, and how it may feed the food system we are seeking to change.
Suzi Grady of Petaluma Bounty, whose local Bounty Hunters gleaning program complements its work with Bounty Farm and a network of community gardens, echoed an observation made frequently throughout the day, the importance of building and maintaining relationships. Sometimes, Grady noted, our work is to promote an ethic of sharing by connect sources and recipients and stepping out of the way.
A thread of collaboration ran through the day as participants explored how to share leadership within their organizations, how to improve relationships in their communities, and how to engage other organizations as partners in their communities. In a summary session, Phina Borgeson, founder of Sonoma Valley Gleaning Project, reflected on the many ways collaboration was mentioned during the day, and the collaborative challenge to further the gleaning movement.
- Author: Mimi M Enright
Can you help us gather more information about current edible food waste in Sonoma County?
UCCE Sonoma is conducting a survey of members of our local food supply chain (farmers, ranchers, restaurants, caterers, institutions, non-profits involved in food recovery and redistribution, food pantries, food bank grocery stores) to gather data on the scope of the food waste reduction opportunity in Sonoma County.
If you'd like to participate, here's the survey link. We estimate the survey will take approximately 10 minutes of your time, and all responses are anonymous. Please participate by 5/27/16.
If you have comments or questions, contact Mimi Enright at mimi.enright@sonoma-county.org or 707-565-2280.